Road-Bike Groupsets

Traditionally, road bikes come with complete groupsets, meaning all components are from the same manufacturer and of the same class. However, some bike shops or brands may substitute certain components (such as the crankset or cassette) with those from a different manufacturer, either as an upgrade or to reduce costs. Many components are not compatible with other groupsets, so you must be aware of compatibility if you plan to replace or upgrade any part of a groupset. If in doubt, always seek advice from a bike shop.

For clarity on component terminology:

Crankset = Chainrings + Crankarms

Drivetrain = Crankset + Chain + Cassette + Derailleurs

Groupset = Drivetrain + Shifters + Brakes

A modern groupset often includes a bottom bracket too.

Each manufacturer typically offers a range of groupset classes, which usually increase in the number of gears, features, and price as you move up the range. Choosing a manufacturer is largely a matter of personal preference, and some cyclists have strong loyalties to specific manufacturers or the classes they offer.

Groupsets have traditionally been operated by cables connected to the shifters (mechanical systems). However, manufacturers now also offer electronic shifters (using Bluetooth or similar technology) powered by small rechargeable batteries. Although these were initially reserved for elite groupsets, electronic shifting is becoming available in more affordable classes.

a. Shimano

Shimano is the world’s largest manufacturer of groupsets. Founded in 1921 in Sakai, Japan, Shimano has become one of the most influential names in cycling, renowned for its innovation and high-quality components. The company has pioneered many techniques and technologies that have become industry standards. Shimano’s commitment to research and development has made it a trusted choice for cyclists worldwide, from casual riders to professionals.

Shimano Classes:

1. Claris (Entry-Level): Affordable and durable mechanical 8-speed groupset.
2. Sora (Beginner-Intermediate): A mechanical 9-speed groupset offering slightly better shifting and performance.
3. Tiagra (Intermediate): A mechanical 10-speed groupset with more advanced ergonomics and smoother shifting.
4. 105 (Performance-Oriented): A favourite for enthusiasts due to its reliability and versatility; available as mechanical 11-speed (R7000) or Di2 electronic 12-speed (R7100).
5. Ultegra (Advanced Performance): Lighter, more precise, and built for racing; available as mechanical 11-speed (R8000) or Di2 electronic 12-speed (R8100).
6. Dura-Ace (Professional-Level): Shimano’s premium 12-speed groupset featuring top-tier materials, Di2 shifting, and unparalleled performance.
7. GRX (Gravel Series): Optimised for gravel cyclists, with mechanical options like RX400 (10-speed) and RX600 (11-speed) or electronic versions like Di2 RX815 (11-speed) and Di2 RX825 (12-speed).

b. SRAM

If Shimano is the Coca-Cola of the cycling world, SRAM is the Pepsi. Founded in Chicago, USA, in 1987, SRAM is known for its innovation and high-quality components. Its commitment to pushing boundaries—often with bold marketing—has earned it a loyal following among cycling enthusiasts and professionals alike.

SRAM Classes:

1. Apex (Entry-Level): Available in single (1x10) or dual (2x11) setups, popular with budget-conscious riders.
2. Rival (Mid-Range): A 12-speed groupset with smooth range, quiet brakes, and both mechanical and electronic eTap AXS wireless options.
3. Force (High-Performance): Lightweight materials and advanced features, available in mechanical 11-speed or electronic eTap AXS 12-speed configurations.
4. Red (Premium): A 12-speed groupset with cutting-edge technology, eTap AXS shifting, and the lightest components—favoured by many professionals.
5. XPLR (Gravel): Gravel-specific groupsets with single chainrings, offering classes parallel to road-bike options (Apex, Rival, Force, and Red XPLR). Higher classes include clutch-equipped rear derailleurs for chain stability.

c. Campagnolo

If Shimano is the Coca-Cola, ubiquitous and reliable, and SRAM the Pepsi, a bold alternative, Campagnolo is the fine Italian espresso: luxurious, refined, and a symbol of sophistication. Campagnolo is the epitome of Italian craftsmanship in the cycling world, blending tradition with cutting-edge innovation; think Ferrari for road-bikes. Known for its impeccable design and silky-smooth performance, Campagnolo's groupsets, are often favored by purists and connoisseurs who value heritage and functionality. Founded in Vicenza, Italy, in 1933, Campagnolo remains a prestigious choice, celebrated for its artistry and performance on the most elite road bikes.

Campagnolo Classes:

1. Centaur (Mid-Range): A reliable 11-speed “entry-level” groupset.
2. Chorus (Performance): High-performance 12-speed groupset with precision shifting.
3. Record (Elite): Premium mechanical or electronic 12-speed groupsets made from ultra-light materials.
4. Super Record (Super Elite): A top-tier electronic groupset for professionals, offering 12-speed setups with unmatched craftsmanship.
5. Ekar (Gravel): A 1x13 drivetrain with a 9-42T cassette, designed specifically for gravel riding, offering a broad gear ratio range with smooth transitions and lightest gravel groupset on the market.

d. Other Manufacturers

Although there are other groupset manufacturers, these are the big three you find on most road-bikes for sale.

There are two Chinese companies, Ltwoo and Sensah, who are both offering a range of classes with advanced features at lower prices, which is making them grow fast in popularity with people who build their own bikes. 

MicroSHIFT is a Taiwanese company that boasts precision manufacturing and cassettes that are compatible with other manufacturers’ groupsets.

e. Choosing the right Groupset

When choosing a groupset you need to consider gear ratios for climbing and speeds you want to cycle, a braking system that stops you at the speeds and in the weather you ride, plus a brand you think you can trust. However, at the end of the day, it’s mostly down to personal preference and—let’s be honest—how much you want to pay.

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